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Home > World Tour > England > Geography of England
Geography of England
England comprises the central and southern two-thirds of the island of Great Britain, plus offshore islands of which the largest is the Isle of Wight. It is bordered to the north by
the country of Scotland and to the west by the country of Wales. It is closer to continental Europe than any other part of Britain, divided from France only by a 24-statute mile (52 km or 21 nautical
mile) sea gap. The Channel Tunnel, near Folkestone, directly links England to the European mainland. The English/French border is halfway along the
tunnel.
Much of England consists of rolling hills, but it is generally more mountainous in the north with a chain of low mountains, the
Pennines, dividing east and west. Other hilly areas in the north and Midlands are the Lake District, the North York Moors, and the Peak District.
To the south, there are larger areas of flatter land, including East Anglia and the Fens, although hilly areas include the
Cotswolds, the Chilterns, the North and South Downs, Dartmoor and Exmoor.
The Capital city is London
The Isle of Man, Guernsey (with six dependencies), and Jersey are all self governing islands within the British Isles.
Area - Total - 130,360 sq km
Land 98%
Water 2%
Coastline 3,200 km (1,988 mi)
Land borders Scotland - 96 km (60 mi)
Wales - 257 km (160 mi)
Highest point Scafell Pike 978 m (3,209 ft)
Lowest point Holme Fenn, -2.75 m (9 ft)
Longest river River Severn (shared with Wales) 354 km (220 mi)
Longest river entirely within England is the River Thames 346 km (215
mi)
Largest inland body of water Windermere 14.73 km2 (5.69 sq mi)
Terrain: low mountains, hills, forests, lowlands, urban
Natural resources iron, zinc, potash, silica sand, fish, timber,
wildlife, petroleum, natural gas, hydropower, wind power, lead, tin,
copper, china clay, arable land, coal
England has a temperate climate, with plentiful rainfall all year round. The seasons are quite variable in temperature, however temperatures rarely fall below −5 °C (23 °F) or rise above 30 °C (86 °F). The prevailing wind is from the south-west, bringing mild and wet weather to England regularly from the Atlantic Ocean. It is driest in the east and warmest in the south, which is closest to the European mainland. Snowfall can occur in winter and early spring, although it is not very common away from high ground.
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